Anuradhapura

Step back in time and into the heart of ancient Sri Lanka with a visit to Anuradhapura, the island’s first royal capital and one of the most revered cities in the Buddhist world. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Anuradhapura is not just an archaeological wonder—it is a living, breathing spiritual hub, where ancient monuments still serve active religious communities.

Located in Sri Lanka’s Cultural Triangle, Anuradhapura is a must-visit for anyone seeking to explore the island’s profound heritage, impressive ancient architecture, and deep-rooted Buddhist traditions.

The Cradle of Sri Lankan Civilization

Founded in the 4th century BCE, Anuradhapura served as the political and religious capital of Sri Lanka for over 1,300 years. At its height, it was one of the most sophisticated cities in South Asia, complete with advanced irrigation systems, monasteries, palaces, and magnificent stupas (dagobas).

Today, the city is an expansive archaeological park that offers a fascinating journey through Sri Lanka’s early civilization. Unlike many ancient ruins around the world, Anuradhapura is still deeply spiritual and visited daily by Buddhist pilgrims dressed in white, offering flowers and prayers under the ancient Bodhi trees.

Sacred Sites and Timeless Monuments

The most sacred site in Anuradhapura is the Sri Maha Bodhi, a sacred fig tree that is believed to have grown from a cutting of the original Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, India—under which the Buddha attained enlightenment. Brought to Sri Lanka in the 3rd century BCE by Sangamitta Theri, the daughter of Emperor Ashoka, it is the oldest historically documented tree in the world.

Nearby, you’ll find the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, a massive white-domed structure built by King Dutugemunu around 140 BCE. It remains one of the most venerated stupas in Sri Lanka and an awe-inspiring example of ancient Sinhalese architecture.

Other significant stupas include:

• Jetavanaramaya – Once the tallest stupa in the ancient world.
• Abhayagiri Dagoba – Part of a major monastic complex that welcomed international scholars.
• Thuparamaya – The oldest stupa in Sri Lanka, believed to enshrine the right collarbone of the Buddha.

Each of these sites has a unique history and architectural style, offering insight into the evolution of Buddhist art and thought over centuries.

Monasteries, Reservoirs, and Engineering Marvels

Anuradhapura was not only a spiritual capital but also a model of ancient urban planning. The city was home to massive monastic complexes, intricately carved stone baths like the Kuttam Pokuna (Twin Ponds), and highly advanced hydraulic systems.

The Tissa Wewa and Nuwara Wewa are two of the many massive tanks (reservoirs) that once supplied water to the kingdom’s people and farmland. These marvels of ancient engineering are still in use today, a testament to the ingenuity of early Sri Lankan civilization.

A Living City

Unlike many ancient capitals that lie in ruins, Anuradhapura is still alive. The modern city thrives alongside its historical counterpart. The air here feels different—quiet, reverent, and deeply spiritual. Pilgrims and tourists walk the same paths, creating a powerful sense of continuity and connection across time.

Rent a bicycle or take a guided tuk-tuk tour to cover the vast distances between sites comfortably. Don’t forget to dress modestly when visiting religious sites and remove your shoes when entering temple grounds.

Experience Anuradhapura with Ciao Lanka Tours

At Ciao Lanka Tours, we believe Anuradhapura is more than a sightseeing stop—it’s a journey into Sri Lanka’s soul. Our guided tours offer in-depth historical context, spiritual insights, and seamless transport between key landmarks.

Whether you're captivated by ancient architecture, fascinated by Buddhism, or simply drawn to places with timeless energy, Anuradhapura offers an experience that will stay with you forever.

Let the sacred city awaken your spirit and inspire your curiosity. With Ciao Lanka Tours, your gateway to Sri Lanka’s ancient wonders begins here.